Sheep Industry News December 2023

SheepIndustry Volume 27, Issue 12 December 2023

News

December 2023 Volume 27, Issue 12

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President’s Notes

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Market Report

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ASI Member Listing

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Breeders' Directory

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Industry Calendar

ON THE COVER: Catching Snowflakes by Maryn Sadler of Wyoming

Making the Most of USDA Assistance Programs

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The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Marketing Assistance Loans and Loan Deficiency Program can help producers offset lower wool prices.

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14 NAHMS Sheep Study The USDA National Animal Health Monitoring System will conduct a sheep study in 2024 to support industry groups with information on sheep health and management.

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Greg Groenewold Named Wool Excellence Winner Following in the footsteps of his father, Greg Groenewold has been selected as the winner of the 2024 Wool Excellence Award by ASI’s Wool Roundtable.

Make Plans to Attend Your First Annual Convention Considering attending ASI’s Annual Convention for the first time in 2024? Here’s some things you should know before the event begins on Jan. 10 at the

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December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 3

President’s Notes BRAD BONER ASI PRESIDENT ASI Closes Trade Case Investigation

B ased on advice from legal counsel, the ASI Executive Board has decided not to pursue a trade case against lamb importers at this time. Back in May, ASI hired a top law firm in Washington, D.C., and agreed to fund preliminary investigations into violations of United States trade law by lamb importers. Two cases were recommended: countervailing duty (subsidized pro duction) and anti-dumping (sales below production costs or at prices lower in the United States than in a home market). ASI contributed more than $55,000 from the Guard Dog Fund as the Executive Board met multiple times on the topic. Confidential injury surveys were sent to hundreds of sheep producers, lamb feeders and lamb companies in June and July to provide necessary information for the law firm to consider the possibilities of success in pursuing the case. Thirty-five sheep producers, six lamb feeders and two lamb companies completed the confidential surveys and returned them to the law firm before the deadline. The firm – which won a section 201 trade case for ASI in 1999 – found evidence of “material” injury from imports within the last three-year window but was unable to find significant “dumping” margins which nullified any potential relief available to the domestic industry. For these reasons, and following the advice of lawyers well versed in trade law, ASI decided against pursuing the case fur ther at this time. Considering the total cost to pursue the case, it didn’t seem prudent to go against the legal opinions of those who are experts in trade law. This was the third trade investigation of lamb imports involving ASI in the past six years. The memorandum from the law firm is clear that none of the three United States trade laws provide a successful path to impacting lamb imports or American lamb prices. The memorandum further clarifies that legislating restrictions such as quotas or tariffs via the U.S. Congress is not viable. There are examples in agriculture of commodities that have statutory import controls such as the beef industry, which was legislated in 1964 as the Meat Import Act. Several updates were done by Congress in 1969, 1978 and 1986, and all specifically excluded lamb under the restrictions. Decades have passed since Con gress restricted imports by statute. ASI successfully fought against the U.S. Department of Agriculture rule allowing sheep and sheep product importation from countries banned in the late 1990s due to cattle BSE. A rule was proposed to drop the ban in 2009, however the associa tion kept the ban in place through 2020. Sen. John Barrasso (Wyo.) introduced legislation this congress that will halt USDA from implementing the rule issued by the Biden Administration to allow importation from the United Kingdom, Mexico, Canada and Europe until a study has been completed on the disease and health protocols in place. Until next time, keep it on the sunny side.

4 • Sheep Industry News • sheepusa.org

SheepIndustry NEWS December 2023: Volume 27, Issue 12

We’re committed to you. The rancher, the family and the flock. We partner with you to protect and nurture the American lamb industry so that together we can provide consumers a quality lamb product.

AMERICAN SHEEP INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION INC. 9785 Maroon Circle, Suite 360 Englewood, CO 80112-2692 Phone: 303-771-3500 • Fax: 303-771-8200 info@sheepusa.org • Sheepusa.org

• Healthier Flock • Higher Lambing Percentage • Increased Profit

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With this genetic test, producers across the country are collecting DNA from their flock to identify disease traits, increase fertility and twinning, and determine parentage. You can do the same.

ASI Office Staff: Peter Orwick, Executive Director Rita Kourlis Samuelson, Deputy Director/Wool Marketing Larry Kincaid, Chief Financial Officer Zahrah Khan, Operations Manager Erica Sanko, Director of Analytics & Production Programs Christa Rochford, Wool Marketing Programs Manager Heather Pearce, Wool Production Programs Manager Chris Jones, Administrative Assistant The Sheep Industry News is published monthly as the official publication of the American Sheep Industry Association Inc. SUBSCRIPTIONS: Payment of member dues in an ASI affiliated state organization entitles a member to a subscription. For non-members, the subscription rate is $50 per year. ADVERTISING INFORMATION: Rates available at Sheepusa.org. Deadline is the fifth of the month preceding the cover date. All advertising is subject to publisher’s approval. Advertisers must assume all liability for their advertising content. Publisher maintains the right to cancel advertising for nonpayment or reader complaint about service or product. Publisher assumes no liability for products or services advertised in Sheep Industry News.

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December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 5

Market Report TYLER COZZENS, PH.D.

Livestock Marketing Information Center

Estimated Feeding Returns & Price Trends

A majority of lamb feeding in the United States oc curs in the state of Colorado. Typically, the number of lambs on feed will seasonally climb to the high est levels of the year during the fourth quarter. ASI funded the development of a modeling framework to determine estimated lamb feeding returns for a hypotheti cal lamb feeding operation in Colorado. The estimated lamb feeding returns data will be maintained and updated by the Livestock Marketing Information Center. The modeling framework assumes the operation places lambs that weigh 70 pounds and will be fed to a finish weight of 140 pounds. The estimated returns model as sumes a ration that consists primarily of corn and alfalfa hay. The purchase price for feeder lambs is based off the three-market average feeder lamb price (60 to 90 pounds) for Colorado, Texas and South Dakota. The slaughter lamb price used is the national negotiated live price. Both prices are reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agri cultural Marketing Service. In March 2022, estimated lamb feeding returns turned negative and remained there for 15 consecutive months until June 2023, when returns were once again positive.

Rising feed costs were one of the factors that limited returns during the period of negative returns. Corn prices reached well into the $7 per bushel range with a few months over $8 per bushel. During that period, alfalfa hay prices started to climb from about $200 per ton and reached $280 per ton in May and June of this year. Prices for both corn and alfalfa hay have since moved lower with corn in the $5 per bushel range and alfalfa hay around $250 per ton in recent months. Prices for both corn and alfalfa hay moving lower in re cent months has provided relief on feed costs. On average, monthly feed costs were tracking around $0.65 per pound of gain in late 2022. In 2023, the average cost per pound of gain has trended lower with recent months around $0.50 – a nearly 23 percent decline from a year ago. The estimated returns modeling framework assumes that the lamb feeding operation purchases the 70-pound feeder lamb, which is another variable cost that must be accounted for in calculating estimated returns. In 2023, feeder lamb prices have tracked between $150 to $200 per cwt., which is similar to the five-year average price level. Seasonally, feeder lamb prices climb higher during the fourth quarter of the year. Fortunately, feed costs are expected to continue

trending lower, which should par tially offset the higher feeder lamb purchase price. Slaughter lamb prices continue to hold strong with recent weeks re maining counter seasonally higher around $200 per cwt. The typical seasonal pattern would see prices trend lower through the second half of the year. The strength in slaughter lamb prices is linked to a rising lamb cutout value, which has been around $460 to $470 per cwt. in late-October and into November. Typically, the five-year average indicates that the lamb cutout value holds steady during the second half of the year, around $400 per cwt. Values for the shoulder and leg have been trending higher

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since late-summer providing support for the cutout value. The loin and rack are holding steady with values at or above the five-year average. SUPPLY DISCUSSION Through most of October and into November, weekly lamb and yearling slaughter levels have been around 33,000 to 34,000 head per week, about 8 to 9 percent (2,500 to 3,000 head per week) above last year. Year-to date through October, weekly lamb and yearling slaugh ter has been averaging about 3 percent higher than the same period in 2022. The higher pace of lamb and year ling slaughter has likely been influenced by an economic incentive evidenced by counter seasonally higher values for the lamb cutout and slaughter lamb prices. Moving more lambs through the supply chain has led to weekly dressed weights tracking lower than typical levels leading to recent weeks below 60 pounds. Year-to date through October, weekly lamb and mutton produc tion has been about 2.5 percent below the same period last year, which is likely due to lower dressed weights more than offsetting higher slaughter levels. IMPORTS & COLD STORAGE Cold storage stocks in September – the most recent month available – were 26.1 million pounds, identical to the prior month and 15 percent below the same month last year. Lamb and mutton imports were 20.7 million pounds in September, down 10 percent from the prior month and 13 percent below the previous year. Comparatively, lower imports and cold storage stocks from last year are indicators that supplies are not build ing and demand is keeping pace with production. Sea sonally, the five-year average indicates that cold storage stocks are typically drawn down during the fourth quar ter and imports can rise in response to demand during the holiday season. WOOL MARKET UPDATE After three consecutive weeks of a lower number of bales offered, the first week of November saw a jump in bales offered to 44,378 – the highest since early Septem ber. The Eastern Market Indicator continues to trade below the prior years’ levels. Through October and into early-November, the EMI has tracked 11 to 14 percent below levels seen at this time last year. Current EMI levels are some of the lowest in nearly three years. Across the microns, weekly prices were holding relatively steady through October, but at

the start of November, prices faltered slightly. Prices for 17- to 20-micron wool were seeing improvement late in October, but turned lower at the start of November. The last several weeks have seen prices for 21- to 29-micron wool struggle to gain solid footing with prices generally trending lower. Prices for Merino cardings have been relatively flat for several weeks, but compared to the prior year, weekly levels are down upwards of 20 percent.

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December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 7

Make Plans to Attend Your First Annual Convention

C onsidering attending ASI’s Annual Convention for the first time in 2024? Here’s some things you should know before the convention begins on Jan. 10 at the Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel. Of course, anyone with an interest in the American sheep industry is welcome to attend, whether it’s your first time or 40th time. Register at bit.ly/ASI2024. Early bird registration discounts end on Dec. 8, and all online registrations must be completed by Dec. 18. Any registrations after that date must be completed in person in Denver. There’s no doubt attending the convention for the first time can be a bit intimidating. With more than 400 attendees and 50 plus meetings, there is a lot going on and a lot to take part in at the annual convention. First-time attendees should look through the tentative schedule before leaving home. This will give you a glimpse of sessions you might like to attend. Once you’ve arrived in Denver, you’ll receive a convention book with the official schedule, meeting agendas and a list of speakers for each meet ing. Take time to look through the agendas and see if that has an impact on which meetings you’d like to attend. All meetings listed on the official schedule of events are open to registered convention attendees. Each of the tours offered during the convention require a separate ticket in addition to convention registration. Tours should be booked as early as possible as space is limited. If a tour is listed as sold out when you register, check with the registration desk at the convention, as spots sometimes open up at the last minute.

Many of the meals provided during the convention are in cluded in the registration fee. A full registration provides access to the Industry Welcome Reception on Thursday evening, the Awards Lunch on Friday, the Speaker Lunch on Saturday and the Make It With Wool Reception and Fashion Show on Saturday evening. If you’re booking a two-day registration, the meals listed above are included for the days you’re registered to attend. The Wool Recognition Lunch on Thursday and the RAMPAC Reception on Friday evening each require a separate ticket in ad dition to your registration fees. Networking is one of the most important benefits of attending the annual convention. Visiting with producers, lamb feeders, lamb companies and participants in the vendor fair between meeting sessions are some great ways to meet new people. Seat ing at meals is generally open and also allows opportunities to have conversations with people from all across the United States. First-time attendees are encouraged to attend meetings of the Young & Emerging Entrepreneurs Committee – scheduled for Thursday evening (mostly a meet and greet session) and all day on Friday. In addition to presentations from industry insiders, the group is planning a lamb cooking competition this year. During the annual convention, the Whova app is also a great place to check in digitally. The app includes valuable information – such as the schedule, list of speakers, etc. – and provides an opportunity to interact with other attendees. In the past, it’s been used to plan carpools to/from the airport, dinner outings and more. The app is the place to share photos from the convention, as well. It’s available for download from your app store.

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ASI Member Listing WWW.SHEEPUSA.ORG l INFO@SHEEPUSA.ORG

VOTING MEMBERS

National Lamb Feeders Association 605-224-0224 • lambfeeders@outlook.com Nebraska Sheep & Goat Producers Association 308-386-8378 • Ne.sheep.goat@gmail.com Nevada Wool Growers Association 775-934-8860 • pr_paris@yahoo.com New Hampshire Sheep & Wool Growers nhswga@nhswga.org Garden State Sheep Breeders Inc. (N.J.) 609-947-2260 • kmelvinnjsheep@gmail.com New Mexico Wool Growers Inc. 505-247-0584 • nmwgi@nmagriculture.org Empire Sheep Producers Cooperative (N.Y.) 585-367-2775 • sheepkath@aol.com North Carolina Sheep Producers Assoc. Inc. 919-522-4110 • wewillservethelord@nc.rr.com North Dakota Lamb & Wool Producers Assoc. 701-333-8009 • curtsheep@gmail.com Ohio Sheep Improvement Association 614-499-2931 • rhigh@ofbf.org Oregon Sheep Growers Association 503-364-5462 • info@sheeporegon.com Pennsylvania Sheep & Wool Growers Association 814-880-3314 • psushepherd@yahoo.com South Carolina Sheep Industries Association 864-360-3222 • debbiewebster615@gmail.com South Dakota Sheep Growers Association 406-581-7772 • lisa@sdsheepgrowers.org Tennessee Sheep Producers Association 931-510-1322 • info@tennesseesheep.org Texas Sheep & Goat Raisers’ Association 325-655-7388 • tsgra@wcc.net Utah Wool Growers Association 435-915-6119 • sierra@utahwoolgrowers.com Vermont Sheep & Goat Association 802-899-2104 • settlementfarm@comcast.net Virginia Sheep Producers Association 540-231-9159 • sgreiner@vt.edu Washington State Sheep Producers 360-999-8118 • washingtonsheep@gmail.com West Virginia Shepherds Federation 304-445-1516 • wvashepherds@yahoo.com Wisconsin Sheep Breeders Cooperative 608-743-9080 • wisconsinsheepbreeders@gmail.com

Alabama Meat Goat & Sheep Producers 334-613-4221 • BRagland@alfains.com ASI Women 435-528-7570 • sherrischumann@utah.gov Arizona Wool Producers Association 520-560-4202 • caauza@peoplepc.com Arkansas State Sheep Council 870-853-7404 • wjcalloway@gmail.com California Wool Growers Association 916-444-8122 • info@woolgrowers.org Colorado Wool Growers Association 970-874-1433 • cwgawool@aol.com Connecticut Sheep Breeders Association 860-819-8339 • secretary@ctsheep.com Meat Sheep Alliance of Florida 352-502-2564 • ruthtaber@embarqmail.com Georgia Sheep & Wool Growers Association 706-340-1098 • georgiasheep@gmail.com Hawaii Sheep and Goat Association 808-775-8075 • alohadjam@yahoo.com Idaho Wool Growers Association 208-344-2271 • director@idahowoolgrowers.org Illinois Lamb & Wool Producers Inc. 573-205-9208 • amanda.limback@gmail.com Indiana Sheep Association 317-607-5664 • executive@indianasheep.com Iowa Sheep Industry Association 641-625-4248 • info@iowasheep.com Kansas Sheep Association 620-393-5204 • kssheep@ruraltel.net Kentucky Sheep & Wool Producers Association 502-682-7780 • kyates@kysheepandgoat.org Maine Sheep Breeders Association 207-324-1582 • donna.flint@maine.edu Maryland Sheep Breeders Association 410-746-5768 • chestnutcreekfarm@gmail.com Massachusetts Federation of Sheep Associations 508-829-4556 • brmacphee@aol.com Michigan Sheep Producers Association 616-610-5628 • samaludl@gmail.com Minnesota Lamb & Wool Producers Association 320-760-5727 • kinneylamb@gmail.com Missouri Sheep Producers Inc.

Brad Boner Wyoming President

Ben Lehfeldt Montana Vice President

Joe Pozzi California Secretary/Treasurer

573-578-0497 • christy576@gmail.com Montana Wool Growers Association 406-442-1330 • leah@mtsheep.org

Peter Orwick Colorado Executive Director

Wyoming Wool Growers Association 307-265-5250 • alison@wyowool.com

December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 9

Greg Groenewold Named Wool Excellence Winner

F ollowing in the footsteps of his father, Greg Groenewold has been selected as the winner of the 2024 Wool Excel lence Award by ASI’s Wool Round table. Grant, Greg’s father, received the annual award in 2016. The award will be presented at the Wool Recognition Lunch on Jan. 11, 2024, during the ASI An nual Convention in Denver.

the lamb industry adjustment plan filed with USDA in 1999. The U.S. Department of Agriculture also announced appoint ments to the National Sheep Industry Improvement Center Board of Directors. Newly appointed members are: • Producers – Patricia R. Sanville, Frederick, Md.; Randy Tunby, Baker, Mont. • Expert in Marketing – Barry Savage, Newton, Mass. ASI is the official nominating entity for directors to the sheep cen ter and is pleased with the appointments by the Secretary of Agricul ture. ASI successfully added the center to the 2014 Farm Bill and is actively supporting re-authorization in the upcoming legislation. “The center has proven to be a great partner in strengthening the sheep industry with project support, such as creation of the com mercial wool testing laboratory in 2022, support of the new lamb processing facility in Colorado and the launch of Sheep Genetics USA in 2021,” Boner said. did that until about seven or eight years ago.” Diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1998, Greg fought off the effects of the disease with a work ethic that few could match. “That’s how he defined himself, as a hard worker” Guy said. “As a partner, he was the hardest-working person – both physi cally and mentally – that I’ve ever seen. For 10 years, he didn’t let the disease slow him down. And even when the symptoms started to show up, he worked every day for another six years. He’s still in the office one day a week even now.” As an independent, family-run business, Groenewold Fur and Wool operated outside of the traditional American wool industry for many years. Greg was the one who started the operation’s assimilation with ASI approximately 20 years ago. “He’s a very nice guy, and has always been easy to work with,” said ASI Wool Consultant Barry Savage, who first met Greg back in 2003. “They are setup a bit different than many of the wool exporters, but Greg has always been flexible when we’ve made suggestions.” The company had exported wool into China for more than a decade before establishing a working relationship with ASI. “We’ve always been very independent, and it wasn’t really our style to work with an agency like ASI, but Greg embraced it,” Guy said. “And that led to my dad embracing it."

T he U.S. Department of Agriculture announced in early November the appointment of five members to serve on the American Lamb Board. All five of the appointees will serve three-year terms, beginning in January 2024. Newly appointed members are: • Steve Breeding, Seaford, Del. – Producer (100 or less head). • David McEwen, Galata, Mont. – Producer (More than 500). • Catherine Harper, Eaton, Colo. – Feeder (Less than 5,000). • Carlos R. Barba, Naperville, Ill. – First Handler. • Michael N. Duff, Blackfoot, Idaho – Seedstock Producer. American Sheep Industry Association President Brad Boner of Glen Rock, Wyo., appreciates these volunteer leaders’ willingness to serve the national sheep industry organizations. ASI is proud to have nominated these individuals for ALB to the Secretary of Agriculture and looks forward to their work on behalf of the lamb business. ASI developed the lamb checkoff as a key part of “I was very surprised when I found out,” Greg said. “Then I was a bit emotional because my father had won the same award. It kind of took my breath away.” Groenewold Fur and Wool Company is a third-generation operation. The company’s fur operation helped open doors for exporting wool to several countries, including China and Germany. And Greg was a driving force on the wool side before he was even old enough to drive. “From the time he was probably 10 years old, he was riding in the trucks to pick up wool,” recalled his brother, Guy. “And when he was old enough, he was the one driving the truck. By 1980 or so, he was selling most of the wool, picking it up from the shearers, grading and sorting it, pretty much everything. He

USDA Announces ALB, NSIIC Appointments

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Making the Most of USDA Assistance Programs S mall upticks in the Australian wool market this fall were nice, but there’s no disputing the fact that wool prices aren’t where American sheep producers would like them to be as we head Q: When do I need to apply for an LDP? A: Producers should talk to FSA before selling wool, and ideally, before shearing. LDPs are available until Jan. 31 after the wool is shorn. You choose what day to take the LDP rate on. Prices change weekly and you can find current rates at SheepUSA.org/resources woolldp.

into 2024. Even with some gains in October, Australian wool prices were still down more than 12 percent from that same time in 2022 – which wasn’t a stellar year by any stretch of the imagination. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Marketing Assistance Loans and Loan Deficiency Program can help producers offset low er wool prices. In 2022, the LDP program paid out more than $5.5 million to American wool growers. Think of the program as an “on the spot” price payment for low wool prices. But like any govern ment program, there are things you need to know if you plan to make a claim. Producers should consult with their local Farm Service Agency office now to make plans for their 2024 wool clip. Marketing Assistance Loans and Loan Deficiency Program payments are marketing tools available during harvest or shearing. MALs provide interim financing at harvest time to help agricul tural producers meet cash flow needs without having to sell their commodities when market prices are low. This enables producers to delay selling the commodity until more favorable market condi tions emerge. Alternatively, LDP provisions specify that in lieu of securing a MAL, producers may elect to receive an LDP. An LDP is the differ ence the producer would have received if a loan was repaid at the lower market price – a direct benefit

Q: Should I get a graded or ungraded LDP? A: Both programs require the wool to be weighed. Graded prices are reported on a clean basis, while ungraded wool is reported on a grease basis. The graded program requires producers to also provide a core test report/certificate from a CCC-approved testing facility. Currently, only the New Zealand Wool Testing Authority is approved. Growers can participate in graded or ungraded programs – or a combination of both. You are free to choose the option that is most beneficial to you. For example, a grower could choose to use the graded program for his/her fleece wool and ungraded for off-sorts, such as tags, crutchings, bellies and pieces. The MAL rate is estab lished yearly for graded wool in eight micron categories. The MAL rate for ungraded wool is set at 40 cents per pound greasy. Q: I sell my wool through a wool pool. Can I get an LDP? A: Yes. Ungraded and Graded LDP’s are available for wool destined to wool pools. MALs are not permitted as delivery to a pooling location is considered the day that growers lose beneficial interest of the wool. Q: I’m not able to sell my wool through a wool pool this year. Can I still get an LDP? A: Yes, you can still be eligible for an LDP and there are multiple ways to show how much wool you produced. Types of evidence accepted include: copies of sales documents; weight or scale tickets from a commissioned agent or CCC-approved third party; delivery evidence; core test reports or certificates; settlement sheets; invoices or kill sheets from the lamb slaughter company for unshorn pelt LDPs; etc. Learn more at SheepUSA.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/ LDP-Production-Evidence.pdf. Producers should also consult their local FSA office to confirm. Q: Am I able to get an LDP for my pelts? A: Producers can also collect an LDP on unshorn slaughter lamb pelts. To be eligible, a producer must meet the definition of an eli gible producer, own the lambs for at least 30 days before slaughter, sell the unshorn lamb for immediate slaughter or slaughter the unshorn lamb for personal use, have beneficial interest in the pelts, sheep must be of U.S. origin, the pelt must be unshorn, and submit production evidence.

that does not need to be repaid. MAL repayment and LDP provisions are in tended to minimize potential delivery, storage and related costs of agricul tural commodities to CCC. The provisions also are designed to avoid discrepancies

in marketing loan benefits across states and counties and to allow domestically produced commodities to be marketed freely and competitively. You can learn more about these programs at SheepUSA.org/ resources-woolldp. In the meantime, here are answers to some common questions about the LDP program.

Additional Online Resources SheepUSA.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/USDA-Wool-Marketing-Loan-Programs-overview.pdf FSA.USDA.gov/Assets/USDA-FSA-Public/usdafiles/FactSheets/mal_ldp_fact_sheet.pdf

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December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 13

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December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 15 P.O. Box 500 • Cuba, IL 61427 (309) 785-5058 • Fax: (309) 785-5050 www.bannersheepmagazine.com

Guard Dog Contributors Established in 2001, the ASI Guard Dog Program is designed to utilize the recommenda tions and donations of dedicated individuals to protect American sheep producers. This is the only way ASI can assist with or lead litigation. The names of those who have donated in recent months (through Nov. 14) are featured here. If you’d like to contribute, as well, visit SheepUSA.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Guard-Dog-application-website.pdf.

CHARTER MEMBERS John & Nina Baucus, Sieben Ranch – MT Brad & Laurie Boner – WY Ryan Boner, M Diamond Angus – WY Stan & Ann Boyd, Boyd Livestock Services – ID Robert & Becky Boylan, Boylan Ranch – SD J. Paul & Debbie Brown, Reata Ranch – CO Peter & Jackie Camino, Camino & Sons – WY Jeanne Carver, Shaniko Wool Company – OR Colorado Wool Growers Association – CO Mike & Jennifer Corn, Roswell Wool – NM John & Mary Eagle, Eagle Suffolks – ID Ben & Stella Elgorriaga, Elgorriaga Livestock – CA Vernon, Terri, Dallas & Whittney Fairchild, Fairchild Shearing & Fairchild Sheep Shearing – ID John & Jodi Faulkner, Faulkner Land & Live stock – ID Guy Flora – OH Paul R. Frischknecht, Frischknecht Livestock – UT William & Sherie Goring, Goring Ranch/NH Shadow Livestock – UT Melchor & Karen Gragirena, El Tejon Sheep – CA Michael A. & Vicki Guerry, Guerry – ID Julie Hansmire, Campbell Hansmire Sheep – CO Mike & Mary Ann Harper, Mike Harper Live stock – CO John & Tom Helle, Helle Rambouillet – MT Ryan & Beatriz Indart, Indart Ranch – CA Aaron & Katie Jones, CF – MT Skye & Penny Krebs, Krebs Sheep – OR Clint & Maureen Krebs, Krebs Livestock – OR

Terri Lamers, Steve Snyder, Todd Snyder & Jackie Thompson, Snyder Ranches – CO Dean & Kathy Lamoreaux, Lamoreaux Sheep – UT Ray & Randy Larson, R. Larson Sheep – UT Jack & Kathryn McRae, McRae Brothers Tar ghees – MT Minnesota Lamb & Wool Producers – MN Lorin & Mary Ann Moench, Thousand Peaks Ranches – UT Frank & Elaine Moore – WY Michael, Kelly & Katy Nottingham, Nottingham Livestock – CO Jack & Cindy Orwick – SD Brian & Gayenell Phelan, Superior Farms – CA Joe Pozzi, Joe Pozzi Livestock – CA Spencer & Connie Rule, Rule Feeders – CO Jeff, Cindy & J.C. Siddoway, Siddoway Sheep – ID Jack Smith, Cedar Livestock Association – UT W.L. & Jamie Strauss – TX Angelo, Karin, Anthony & Dani Theos, Theos Swallow Fork Ranch – CO Gary & Lori Visintainer, Visintainer Sheep – CO Warren Ranch Company – WY Clark & Ruth Webster, C & R Farms – UT Western Range Association – ID

SUPPORTING MEMBERS Larry Allen, Allen Livestock – CO

Joe & Carmen Auza, Auza Ranches – AZ Brian & Carolyn Bitner, BRB Livestock – UT Jack & Lori Blattner, Blattner Suffolks – ID Broadbent Family, JRB – UT Curry & Bonnie Lou Campbell, Campbell Mayer

Liveoak – TX Steve & Pam Clements – SD

Max & Joyce Matthews – SD Janet & Maichael Mawhinney, Blaker Ridge Farm – PA Michael McCormick, McCormick Ranch – WY Ken & Phyllis McKamey, McKamey Ranch – MT Pierce & Betty Miller, VIP Ranches – TX Ron & Elizabeth Moss, Ron Moss Sheep – ID Dave & Holly Ollila, Flying O Sheep – SD Bob & Jennifer Orwick, Orwick Ranch – SD Pete & Rama Paris, Paris Livestock – NV Dan & Kay Persons, Rafter P Ranch – MN Burton & Pattie Pfliger, Roselawn Legacy Hamp shires – ND Doelene Pitt, Pitt Family Columbias – UT Stan & Carol Poe, Poe Hamps – IN James Powell – TX Jewell Reed – WY Warren & Carla Roberts, Open Heart Ranch – CO Tom & Carol Schene, Schene Enterprises – CA Bill & Susan Shultz, Bunker Hill Farm – OH Bill & Jan Taliaferro, Green River Livestock – WY Jean Tennant, Tennant Ranch – SD Randy & Amanda Tunby, Tunby Ranch – MT Lionel Valdez – CO Marilyn Volpe & George Borkow, Sheep Ranch – ID Cody Whitehead Burns, Dolan Creek Cattle – TX Ray & Jeri Willoughby, Willoughby LTD Ranch – TX David & Sara Winters, Winters Ranch – TX W.L. & Tommy Whitehead Ranch – TX CONTRIBUTING MEMBERS Mark Lyman, Lyman Sheep Ranch – WY Rex Streets – MT Louis Schmidt, Schmidt Ranch – CO Maurice Short, Bullseye Ranch – OR Dean & Paula Swenson – ND

David & Theressa Dalling, Dalling Sheep – ID Douglas & Julia Davis, The Homestead Ranch – SD Renee & Lonnie Deal, Sperry Livestock – CO Denis Ranch – TX Rufus & Patty DeZeeuw, DeZeeuw Farms – SD John & Bernie Dvorak and Family – MN David & Janet Earl, Upper Creek Ranch – UT Ted & Renae Edwards, Edwards Ranch – WY Thomas & Leah Edwards, TLE Ranch – WY Ellison Ranching Company – NV Martin & M. Terese Etchamendy, Etchamendy Sheep – CA Nick & Kimberly Etcheverry, Eureka Livestock – CA Lorin & Waneta Fawcett, Joseph O. Fawcett & Sons – UT Gerry & Gwen Geis, Geis Brothers – WY Kevin & Bobbi Geis, Geis Brothers – WY Helen Glass, JL Glass Ranch – TX Keith & Linda Hamilton, Hamilton Ranch – WY Hampton Sheep Company – WY Thomas & Joni Harlan, Harlan Livestock – WY Marlin Helming, Helming Hampshires – CO Dwight Heser – MT Larry & Angie Hopkins, Little Eagle Creek Val ley Farm – IN Lee & Peg Isenberger, Isenberger-Litton Live stock – WY Matt & Sandra Jarvis, Jarvis Sheep – UT Claire Jones, Bar 7 Ranch – TX Gary & Gail Jorgensen, Legacy Lamb – KS Bob, Marie, Ben & Jamie Lehfeldt, Lehfeldt Rambouillets – MT Kris Leinassar, FIM – NV Louis (Spud) & Thea Lemmel, Lemmel Ranch – SD Randy & Penny Leonard, Leonard Farms and Livestock – CO Tim & Kim Mackenzie, Mackenzie Sheep – ID William Mast – OR

Sheep Nutrition PATRICK GUNN, PH.D. Purina Animal Nutrition Maximize Revenue Opportunity from Cull Ewes

E wes are culled from the flock when they are no longer con tributing to the profitability of your operation. But cull ewes don’t have to be a loss. WHEN TO CULL There are two key times of year to evaluate ewes for culling – after weaning and before breeding. After weaning, assess ewes for produc tivity and profitability in terms of the number of lambs weaned and the cumulative weaning weight of those lambs. Around 45 to 60 days before breeding season, evaluate how ewes held up during the grazing season. Did any ewes require greater maintenance in terms of parasites, worms or other health challenges? Did they have feet and leg issues? Body condition can be a factor for culling, but under-conditioned ewes that are otherwise sound and productive still have time to get back into condition with nutritional support before breeding. For spring lambing flocks, now, during late gestation, is a good time to review animal records and earmark ewes that have decreased in productivity in the past few years so you can watch them going into lambing season. VOLUNTARY & INVOLUNTARY FACTORS Many factors influence culling decisions, and you can group these factors into two categories – voluntary and involuntary culling. Involuntary culling is associated with factors that negatively impact the bottom line regardless of market conditions. Involuntary culling factors are typically associated with reproductive issues (not breed ing back) and severe health challenges. Most other factors are considered voluntary culling – factors pre venting ewes from being highly productive but might be overlooked if the profit margins are high in a given market. As such, voluntary culling factors include: feet and legs; assisted or unassisted lambing; mothering ability; udder quality; number of lambs weaned; cumula tive weaning weight of lambs; body condition; and age. Producers often ask me at what age to cull ewes. The answer depends on the ewe. Is she weaning a cumulative lamb weight that ranks in the top half of the flock? Has she remained hardy in terms of feet and legs and udder quality? Age alone isn’t a reason to cull if a ewe is productive and weaning an adequate weight of lambs.

EVALUATING MARKET OPPORTUNITY Once you’ve decided which animals to cull, consider if you should cull immediately or keep ewes in the flock for a time to maximize market opportunities. The decision is twofold: What are the expected feed costs to add weight to cull animals before marketing, and will the expected return on investment outweigh any additional input costs? Deciding when to cull ewes is about comparing the opportunity cost of time on feed and market opportunity. You don’t have a crystal ball to know what market prices will be, but you can look at season ality of historical cull ewe prices to make an informed decision. Also consider the environmental conditions and time of year. For example, it might not make sense to devote extra feed resources to cull ewes when experiencing drought conditions. The availability of stored forage and grazing resources can greatly influence expected feed costs for cull ewes. If you decide to feed out ewes before marketing, I recommend treating them like incoming feedlot lambs and, at a minimum, get ting them up to date on vaccinations and deworming. Then, work animals up to a feedlot-style diet for 60 to 90 days before marketing to maximize weight gain. However, be sure to evaluate for broken mouthed ewes prior to initiation of the feeding program as the diet might need to be constructed to ensure they can be truly efficient on grain-focused ration. Roughage is still essential in the diet, but to maximize efficiency, it’s important to feed a higher level of energy to cull ewes than replacement ewes or ewes remaining in the breeding program. How much to feed ewes will depend on current grain prices and what forage resources you have available. Self-fed products with a high fat level can also be a great option to supplement forages and help quickly add weight to cull ewes. Re-asses cull ewes about 30 days after they’ve been on feed. If they haven’t gained weight, consider marketing them to focus resources on ewes that are responding to added time on feed. Finding just the right balance of feed investment and marketing opportunity can help you capitalize on cull ewes and bring additional revenue back to your business. Visit PurinaMills.com/sheep-feed to learn more. Patrick Gunn, Ph.D., is a sheep and goat nutritionist with Purina Animal Nutrition. Contact him at PGunn@landolakes.com.

18 • Sheep Industry News • sheepusa.org

Ask An Expert Have a question about sheep or goats?

Dr. Dan Morrical, Ph.D Small Ruminant Nutritionist

Check Us out ! www.dorpersheep.org Email: office@dorpersheep.org Tel: 573-696-2550 PO Box 259. Hallsville MO 65255

premier1supplies.com/advice

KATAHDIN

• 200% Lamb Crop • Documented Parasite Resistance • No Shearing, Docking or Crutching • Lamb on Pasture or Range Katahdin Hair Sheep International 717-335-8280 • info@katahdins.org www.katahdins.org

Vaccinate Your Lambs Needle-Free Curtis Civis ccivis@pulse-nfs.com 620-544-6895 www.pulse-nfs.com

Corner Post Farm Unique Sheep Gifts, Books, Baby Items, T-shirts, Reprints, Sweatshirts, Cards, Calendars & Wool items Plus: Unique Pig, Dairy, Beef, Corn & Tractor Items cornerpostfarm.com cornerpostfarm@gmail.com 309-826-2256

Serving producers since 1947 406-994-2100 mtwool@montana.edu https://ecommerce. montana.edu/woollab

December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 19

Breeders’ Directory AKBASH LIVESTOCK PROTECTION DOGS AKBASH DOG ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA AkbashClub.com • akbashdogAA@gmail.com Established in 1978. Proven livestock

BLACK WELSH MOUNTAIN AMERICAN BLACK WELSH

AmericanCoopworthRegistry.org To learn about hardy, productive, dual-purpose Coopworths, visit us and our members online. DEBOUILLET HILLINGDON RANCH Robin, Carol, Grant & Misty Giles 346 Giles Ranch Road, Comfort, TX 78013 830-995-3917 • Cell: 254-592-3746 gileslivestock@hotmail.com Years of wool, gain and ultrasound data; 18.2 micron clip; stud rams & ewes with more than 1 lb. average daily gain and 2.5 REA CWT.

MOUNTAIN SHEEP ASSOCIATION Eugenie McGuire, Secretary/Treasurer P.O. Box 534, Paonia, CO 81428 info@blackwelsh.org • blackwelsh.org DESERT WEYR 16870 Garvin Mesa Road, Paonia, CO 81428 970-527-3573 • sales@desertweyr.com BORDER COLLIES Karl Hostetler 8111 Hwy. 168, Shelbyville, MO 63469 660-988-8422 or 573-633-2012 Top American and Imported bloodlines. Puppies and occassionally started or trained dogs available. Charles Worm, Executive Secretary PO Box 722, Lakefield, MN 56150 507-360-2160 • charliew@extendedag.com Columbiasheep.org The all-american breed. SNYDER RANCHES, LLC PO Box 363, Norwood, CO 81423 970-327-0271 • Cell: 970-708-9906 snyderranch56@yahoo.com Providing quality Columbia range rams to producers for three generations! 147 Main Boulder Road, Big Timber, MT 59011 406-932-4718 • langhussheep@mtintouch.net LanghusSheep.com This year we celebrate 25 years of NSIP mem bership. Our performance-oriented sheep are selected for maternal, growth, carcass and wool traits. NSIP mean trait values for Columbias: 60-day wt 61.8 lb; 120-day wt 105.8 lb, number lambs born 1.85 lambs/ewe. More than 95 per cent of our ewes have USA Range Index of 100 or higher. We believe in genetic diversity and, with 25 years of pedigrees in the program. We sell ewe lambs, ram lambs and yearling rams. COOPWORTH AMERICAN COOPWORTH REGISTRY Marianne Dube, Secretary PO Box 48, West Newbury, VT 05085 802-429-2064 info@AmericanCoopworthRegistry.org COLUMBIA COLUMBIA SHEEP BREEDERS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA LANGHUS COLUMBIA SHEEP Gene and Mary Langhus

protectors. UKC Registered – Pure Turkish Akbash Dogs. Breeder list on website. Like us on Facebook at Akbash Dog Club. AMERICAN BORDER LEICESTER AMERICAN BORDER LEICESTER ASSOCIATION Siri Swanson, Secretary 363 Fisher Road, Orwell, VT 05760 781-264-0430 • yankeerockfarm@gmail.com borderleicesters.org AMERICAN HAMPSHIRE AMERICAN HAMPSHIRE SHEEP ASSOCIATION Jeff Ebert, Executive Secretary PO Box 231. 305 Lincoln St. Wamego, KS 66547 • 785-456-8500 asregistry@gmail.com • Hampshires.org If you are looking for sheep with NSIP data, farm flock sheep, show sheep or club lambs, Hampshires is the breed for you. AUSTRALIAN/AMERICAN WHITE SHEEP HARRISON VALLEY FARMS Kim Harrison The Australian and American White Sheep are poised to become "Champions of the Lamb Meat Market" with lambs that thrive and per form in forage-based finishing systems, as well as grain-based feedlot environments. Adaptable and low maintenance sheep. Specifically bred for high meat quality and a premium dining experience. This includes higher Omega 3, lower fat melting points, more intramuscular fat, unmatched tenderness and flavor, and consistency in carcass size. BARBADOS BLACKBELLY BARBADOS BLACKBELLY SHEEP ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL Constance Katzenbach, recording secretary 90 Lambertville Hopewell Road recordingsecretary@blackbellysheep.org Registering Barbados Blackbelly (polled) and American Blackbelly (horned) sheep. Two beautiful hairsheep breeds, highly resistant to parasites and hoof problems. Non-seasonal breeders with easy lambing, a high rate of multiples and excellent mothering traits. 5199 County Rd 351, Fulton, MO 65251 573-590-0643 cell • Australianwhiteusa.com KHarrison@harrisonvalleyfarms.com Hopewell, NJ 08525 Blackbellysheep.org

DONHE MERINO PAUL & RENAE NEILSON

PO Box 656, Meeker, CO 81641 970-623-2098 • 970-878-5102 rbcvet1@gmail.com

Truly dual purpose sheep. Prime lamb dams with Merino quality wool. Rams for sale.

DORPER WILLOW CREEK RANCH STROMAN RANCH L.C. Bill Stroman

Box 4, Sterling City, TX 76951 wmstroman73@gmail.com

EAST FRESIAN & TUNIS WHISPERING PINES FARM, DAIRY & CHEESE 681 Campbell Bridge Road, Seneca, S.C. 29678 864-360-3222 • dairysheepdeb@gmail.com Dairy sheep ewes, rams and lambs. Multi purchase discounts, starter flocks.Classes and Mentoring for milking and cheese making. Add East Fresian bloodlines to meat sheep – Grow market lambs faster. Sheep and Goat colostrum for sale. FINNSHEEP FINNSHEEP BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION PO Box 231, 420A Lincoln Wamego, KS 66547 • 785-456-8500 asregistry@gmail.com • Finnsheep.org Finnsheep are a multi-purpose breed. In the United States, their primary use has been in cross-breeding programs to increase the lamb ing percentage of commercial flocks.

GOTLAND AMBLING BROOK FARM’S RAINBOW GOTLANDS Dr. Polly Matzinger

4810 Elmer Derr Road, Frederick, MD 21703 240-444-2047 • amblingbrookfarm@gmail.com 100% Gotlands from imported embryos, & vari-

20 • Sheep Industry News • sheepusa.org

Breeders’ Directory

ous percentages from Shetland or Leicester (BL & BFL) foundation ewes. A rainbow of colors (traditional Blue-Grey, as well as Black, Brown, White & Red/Moorit). Ram leasing, starter flock discounts, imported Swedish and New Zealand Gotland semen. 24/7 mentoring regarding sheep and herding dogs. Humane certified. HORSEFEATHER RANCH Terisue & Craig Harvey 1060 Fox Canyon, Arroyo Grande, Ca 93420 805-459-8248 • horsefeatherranch.net Black & White High percentage breeding stock. Raw, milled and finished fleece. 12005 State Hwy 34, Glenallen, MO 63751 859-536-0767 • ed@mestameadows.com MestaMeadows.com Working dogs for working farms and ranches. None of our clients have ever lost an animal to a predator in a field protected by our dogs or their offspring. KATAHDIN KATAHDIN HAIR SHEEP INTERNATIONAL PO Box 739, Fowlerville, MI 48836 717-335-8280 • info@katahdins.org Katahdins.org Free breed info and breeder list. No shearing, adaptable, profession, efficient grazers, low maintenance, super mothers. 146 Miller Road, Washington, PA 15301 724-809-1821 Becky • 724-255-4832 Ken Pffarmstead@gmail.com www.phillipsfamilyfarmsteadpa.com We concentrate on high quality, low main tenance breeding stock with high parasite resistance, fast growth and lamb vigor. We offer registered stock from a biosecurity tested NSIP flock. Check us out on Facebook and our website. 1871 Back Valley Road, Speedwell, TN 37870 606-269-6114 (John), 423-441-0295 (Sandra) roundhousefarm@yahoo.com Registered Katahdin breeding stock available. We have both colors & white. We can assemble starter herds for beginning shepherds.We focus on parasite resistance, fast weight gain, easy lambing and natural mothering ability. GREAT PYRENEES MESTA MEADOWS Ed Crowley PHILLIPS FAMILY FARMSTEAD Becky and Ken Phillips ROUND HOUSE FARM John & Sandra Coward

Purebred Rambouillet SAMM, Dohne and Merino Crossbreds.

MERINO/MERINO X RAMBOUILLET RAFTER 7 MERINOS Owner: University of Nevada, Reno at Great Basin Research & Extension Center GBREC Manager: Gary McCuin P.O. Box 613, Eureka, NV 89316 775-237-6134 • gmccuin@unr.edu Manager: Tom Filbin 775-221-3206 • rafter7tom@yahoo.com America’s Premiere Wool Clip.

MESTA MEADOWS Ed Crowley

12005 State Hwy 34, Glenallen, MO 63751 859-536-0767 • ed@mestameadows.com MestaMeadows.com Serving the fiber artisan community with fine wool produced by our registered Rambouillet and Cormo sheep. PFLUGER HILL COUNTRY RANCH CO. Bob Pfluger PO Box 62208, San Angelo, TX 76906 325-656-5132 • 325-944-9278 repfluger@msn.com Range raised and performance tested. RANGE CAMPS WESTERN RANGE CAMPS Heidi Anderson • 1145 S. Blackhawk Blvd. Mt. Pleasant, UT 84647 435-462-5300 • heidi@wrcamps.com WRCamps.com Durable, reliable, self-sustainable housing. Quality and superior construction. Meets all agricultural housing laws and regulations. W7505 Highway 11• Monroe, WI 53566 608-558-5099 • finefleeceshetlandsheep.org finefleeceshetlandsheepasso@gmail.com GLM Registry: FFSSA@glmregistry.com NORTH AMERICAN SHETLAND SHEEP BREEDERS ASSOCIATION Ms. Faye Whitney PO Box 87, Ashfield, MA 01330-0087 413-628-3279 • secretary2@shetland-sheep.org Shetland-Sheep.org. ST. CROIX ST. CROIX HAIR SHEEP INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION 8835 S. Lone Elder Road, Canby, OR 97013 stcroixhairsheep.org Preserving breed standards since 1983. No. 1 in parasite resistance, “Brahma of Sheep” High birth rates. SHETLAND FINE FLEECE SHETLAND SHEEP ASSOCIATION Kelly Bartels, President

STRONGMOUSE MERINOS Dulcy Perkins Cornville, AZ 86325

269-312-4759 • dulcy@windloochie.net Gentle fine wool wethers for your fiber flock. Fine wool ewe weanlings and yearlings. Dis counts to Living History Museums for limited Vermont style sheep.

PERENDALE NORTH AMERICAN PERENDALE ASSOCIATION Lynn Roberts, Secretary/Treasurer Lucky Lane Farm

19636 Graystone Rd, White Hall, MD 21161 LuckyLaneFarm@gmail.com • Perendale.org Ideal dual-purpose (fiber and meat) sheep; easy keepers, great maternal instincts, excellent para site resistance. Top imported NZ bloodlines.

POLYPAY FOLLOW ONE FARMS Caroline Scheffert

41253 State Hwy 13, Waseca, MN 56093 507-461-6088 • followonefarms@gmail.com FollowOneFarms.com NSIP Purebred Polypays – Rams and Ewes available. Proven records for growth and performance for purebred and commercial flocks. Find us on Facebook and Instagram. S67 W38381 HY ZZ, Eagle, WI 53119-1153 262-495-2692 • d.mhausser@gmail.com Hausserpolypays.webs.com We have some of the top maternal NSIP Polypay ewes and rams in the country. Several Feb-April 2023 rams available now. Please contact us for your breeding needs. RAMBOUILLET HELLE RAMBOUILLET 1350 Stone Creek Road, Dillon, MT 59725 Phone/fax: 406-683-6686 hellerambouillet.com • www.finewoolsheep.com “Reputation breeding ewes and yearling rams.” HAUSSER POLYPAYS Don & Mary Hausser

SUFFOLK BUNKER HILL FARM

December 2023 • Sheep Industry News • 21 William & Susan Shultz 3378 County Road 21, DeGraff, OH 43318