INFORM January 2024

inform January 2024, Vol. 35 (1) • 35

(Flammulina velutipes) mushrooms showed the most divergent FAHFA profiles, being rich in short-chain FAHFAs and very long chain FAHFAs, respectively. The brown (Hypsizygus tessulatus) and white (Hypsizygus ulmarius) varieties of shimeji have closely related FAHFA compositions and quantities of FAHFA diversity can be used for chemotaxonomic classification of the mushroom family, similar to mitochondrial (mt)DNA information. Adding mushrooms to the diet provides several micronutrients, including FAHFAs, with minimal impact on the overall calories from fat.

and are known to possess various adverse effects like gastrointesti nal disturbance, nausea, water retention etc. Purpose Due to the urgent need of combating this disorder without side effects, the alternative and complementary therapies should be explored due to their natural origins and comparable safety. Herbal sources serve as new leads, due to the presence of phytoconstitu ents with potential therapeutic properties, efficacy and safety. In this review, we tried to summarize the polyphenolic phytoconstitu ents effective in the treatment of diabetic complications. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using 4 databases (Google scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Embase) for the identification of relevant data. Search was performed using various key words such as “diabetes,” “polyphenols,” “marine sources,” “anti-diabetic polyphenols.” The in vitro studies involving the cell lines used in diabetes and animal models were also considered for inclusion. Additional research papers were identified by reviewing abstracts, scrutinizing reference lists, and reviewing previously published review articles. Results Polyphenols, a group of phytoconstituents are known worldwide for their tremendous antioxidant potential. So, various research groups have explored their mechanism and therapeutic value in diabetic complications, to improve the insulin sensitivity and glu cose metabolism, in controlling the glycemic conditions. Conclusion Polyphenols exhibit effective therapeutic potential in managing diabetic complications through their multifaceted mechanism of action. They exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-gly cemic properties, which collectively contribute to their beneficial effects in mitigating diabetic complications. Thus, the inclusion of polyphenols into the diet, may be cosidered as an approach of managing diabetes on long term basis. In this review, we have tried to identify polyphenols effective in diabetes and summarize their mechanism of action along with their potential, for the treatment of diabetic complications. Recent advances in the conjugation approaches for enhancing the bioavailability of polyphenols Sahraeian, S., et al., Food Hydrocolloids, 146, Part A, 109221, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.109221 In recent years, the consumption of functional foods containing health-beneficial ingredients has become increasingly popular. Polyphenols are among the most important functional and bioactive molecules found in a variety of fresh produce and food products. However, the limited solubility of most polyphenols in water can significantly affect their bioavailability, thereby reducing their potential health benefits. To overcome this limitation, various approaches have been explored, including molecular enhancers, nanoparticles, encapsulation systems, and conjugation methods. In this review, we focus on recent advances in conjuga tion methods for enhancing the bioavailability of polyphenols. We

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Ignacio Vieitez is a research professor at the Universdad de la República in Montevideo, Uruguay. He studies green extraction processes to isolate bioactive compounds and determines their potential benefits as food ingredients.

These papers examine the multifaceted role of polyphenols and fla vonoids in health, nutrition, and oxidative stress. They also discuss their antioxidant properties, interaction with biological systems, and implications for human well-being. For instance, resvera trol possesses several biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-dyslipidemic and antidiabetic effects. Role of polyphenols in the management of diabetic complications

Raina, J., et al. , Phytomedicine , 122, 155155, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155155 Background

Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine disorder that will affect, about 693 million adults by 2045 worldwide, (>50% increase from 2017). The conventional treatment of the disease, include the oral hypo glycemic drugs which are given in combination with other drugs