The Oklahoma Bar Journal September 2022

19. Id. at 1779-1780. 20. Id. 21. 20 U.S.C.A. §1681(a).

injunction and dismissed the Title IX claim. 132 F.Supp.3d 376 (E.D. VA. 2015). Upon an interlocutory appeal, the 4th Circuit reversed the trial court. 822 F.3d 709 (4th Cir. 2016), rehr’g en banc den’d, 824 F.3d 450 (4th Cir. 2016). The board sought certiorari in the United States Supreme Court, which granted certiorari and scheduled the case for oral argument. However, based on the United States Department of Education’s withdrawal of its guidance document, which provided that schools must treat transgender students consistent with their gender identity, the Supreme Court vacated the 4th Circuit’s opinion and remanded the case for reconsideration based on the change in the Department of Education’s guidance. U.S., 137 S.Ct. 1239, 197 L.Ed. 2d 460 (2017). Mr. Grimm, who had graduated high school, then filed an amended complaint that sought nominal damages and declaratory relief and updated the facts. The board again sought dismissal of the complaint for failure to state a claim, and the trial court denied the board’s motion to dismiss, concluding that Mr. Grimm’s claims of discrimination on the basis of transgender status sufficiently pled sex discrimination. 302 F.Supp. 3d 730 (E.D. Va. 2018). The board and Mr. Grimm subsequently filed cross-motions for summary judgment. The district court ruled in Mr. Grimm’s favor and granted him summary judgment on both his Title IX and equal protection claims regarding the board’s bathroom policy and its refusal to amend his school records to reflect that he was male. The board then appealed. 40. The board’s bathroom policy provided that the school district would “provide male and female restrooms and locker room facilities in its schools, and the use of said facilities shall be limited to the corresponding biological genders.” Grimm , 972 F.3d at 608. 41. Id. at 593.

42. Id. at 613-615. 43. Id . at 616. 44. Id . at 617. 45. Id . at 618.

22. Gebser v. Lago Vista Ind. Sch. Dist. , 524 U.S. 274, 285, 118 S.Ct. 1989, 1997, 141 L.Ed.2d 277 (1998); Davis v. Monroe County Bd. of Educ. , 526 U.S. 629, 119 S.Ct. 1661, 1671-1672, 143 L.Ed.2d 839 (1999). 23. Gossett v. Oklahoma ex rel. Bd. of Regents for Langston Univ. , 245 F.3d 1172, 1176 (10th Cir. 2001) (Courts have generally assessed Title IX discrimination claims under the same legal analysis as Title VII discrimination claims.) 24. Dodds v. U.S. Dep’t of Educ. , 845 F.3d 217 (6th Cir. 2016) ( per curiam ). 25. Id . at 220. 26. Id. at 221–22. 27. Whitaker v. Kenosha Unified Sch. Dist. , 858 F.3d 1034 (7th Cir. 2017). 28. Id . at 1050. 29. Id . at 1052. 30. Adams v. Sch. Bd. of St. Johns Cnty., 968 F.3d 1286, 1305 (11th Cir. 2020), vacated and superseded by 3 F.4th 1299 (11th Cir. 2021) petition for reh’g en banc pending granted 9 F.4th 1369 (11th Cir. 2021).

46. Cisgender persons are those who have a gender identity that is congruent with one’s biological sex. Doe v. Boyertown Area Sch. Dist. , 897 F.3d 518, 522 (3rd Cir. 2018) cert. den’d., 139 S.Ct. 2636 (2019). 47. Id. 48. Id. at 537-538. 49. Parents for Privacy v. Barr , 949 F.3d 1210 (9th Cir. 2020). 50. R .M.A. v. Blue Springs Sch. Dist. , Circuit Court of Jackson County, Missouri, Case No. 1516- CV20874. 51. 2022 Legislative Session, Senate Bill 2, to be codified at 70 O.S. 27-106. 52. B.P.J. v. West Virginia Board of Education , S.D. W. Va., Case No. CIV-21-00316, Memorandum Opinion and Order, Dec. 1, 2021 (Doc. No. 129), pp. 7-8. 53. 20 U.S.C.A. §4071(a). 54. Id. 57. Gay-Straight Alliance of Okeechobee High School v. School Board of Okeechobee County , 483 F.Supp. 2d 1224, 1227-1228 (S.D.Fla. 2007). 58. Id. at 1229. 59. Caudillo v. Lubbock Ind. Sch. Dist. , 311 F.Supp.2d 550, 564 (N.D. Tex. 2004). 60. 70 O.S. §1-125. 55. 20 U.S.C.A. §4071(b). 56. 20 U.S.C.A. §4071(f).

31. Id. at 1292. 32. Id . at 1293. 33. Id . at 1295.

34. Id . at 1297-1299. 35. Id . at 1304-1305. 36. Id. at 1303-1304.

37. Id. at 1309. 38. Id. at 1310.

39. Grimm v. Gloucester County Sch. Board , 972 F.3d 586, 593 (4th Cir. 2020), rehr’g en banc den’d, 976 F.3d 399 (4th Cir. 2020), cert. den’d 141 S.Ct. 2878 (2021). In response to the initial lawsuit in 2015, the board filed a motion to dismiss, and the trial court denied the request for preliminary

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