Massage Therapy Journal Summer 2024

Summer 2024 • 49

Muscle

Origin

Insertion Point(s)

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Manubrium of the sternum and clavicle Mastoid process of the temporal bone

Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)

Cervical vertebrae

First and second ribs

Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae

Clavicle, acromion process and spine of the scapula

Trapezius (upper, middle, lower)

Levator Scapulae

Medial border of the scapula

Suboccipitals (rectus capitis anterior, lateralis, posterior muscles, obliquus capitis inferior and superior)

Various origins around the suboccipital region

Various insertions around the suboccipital region

Transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae

Longus Capitis

Occipital bone

Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae Spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae.

Longus Colli

Bodies of cervical vertebrae

Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae

Splenius Cervicis

Omohyoid

Superior border of the scapula

Body of the hyoid bone

Posterior surface of the manubrium of the sternum Fascia overlying the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles Various origins on the sternum, clavicle and ribs

Sternothyroid

Thyroid cartilage

Lower border of the mandible and skin/ fascia of the lower face the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Platysma

Pectoralis Major & Minor

Deltoids (anterior, middle, posterior)

Clavicle and scapula

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Upper Trapezius

Occipital bone and ligamentum nuchae Lateral third of the clavicle

Middle Trapezius

Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Medial border of the scapula

Rhomboids

Spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Medial border of the scapula

Various origins along all sections of the spine

Various insertions on the ribs and vertebrae

Erector Spinae Group

Subscapularis

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Masseter

Zygomatic arch Temporal fossa

Angle and ramus of the mandible Coronoid process of the mandible

Temporalis

Serratus Anterior

Ribs

Medial border of the scapula

Xiphoid process, costal cartilages and lumbar vertebrae

Diaphragm

Central tendon of the diaphragm

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